First Aid Tips

Heart Attack
Nearly every 20 seconds, an American suffers a heart attack. According to the American Heart Association, symptoms include lasting pressure or pain in the center of the chest; pain spreading to the shoulders, neck or arms; and chest discomfort with fainting, sweating, nausea or shortness of breath. If you suspect someone is having a heart attack, you should:
  • Call 911, or get to the nearest hospital with 24-hour emergency cardiac care.
  • Give CPR if necessary, and if you are trained.
  • Help the victim to the least painful position; usually sitting with knees bent.

    Bleeding

    • Direct pressure stops most bleeding. Press firmly on the wound with a gauze pad or clean cloth.
    • While pressing, raise the wound above the heart level.
    • Don't removed blood-soaked dressings. Put another dressing on top.
    • To protect yourself from blood borne disease, wear disposable latex gloves. Or use several layers of gauze pads of cloth, plastic wrap or bag.

    Amputations

    • Stop bleeding.
    • Find the amputated part.
    • Rinse it with clean water to remove any debris.
    • Don't scrub it.
    • Wrap it in dry, sterile gauze or a clean cloth. Put the part in a plastic bag or waterproof container.
    • Place it on a bed of ice, but do not bury it.

    Poisonings

    • Call your local poison -control center for information of how to handle a poisoning. Use ipecac syrup only if the poison control center tells you to. It is a good idea to keep activated charcoal on hand, which is the single most effective agent for most poisons.

    Animal Bites

    • Wash the wound with soap and water under pressure from a faucet.
    • Don't scrub, this bruises tissue.
    • Cover the wound with a sterile dressing, but don't use tape or butterfly bandages, they can trap harmful bacteria in the wound.
    • Rabies may be a concern. If the animal can't be found, the victim may need a series of rabies shots. Also the shots may be needed if the animal was a high risk species (i.e. skunk, bat, raccoon) or if the animal attack was unprovoked.

    Allergic Reactions

    • Insect Stings, foods or drugs can cause serious allergic reactions. If untreated, these reactions can cause death in a little as 5 to 30 minutes.
    • Seek medical attention immediately
    • Keep a conscious victim sitting up to help breathing. Place and unconscious, breathing victim on their side.
    • If the victim has a doctor prescribed epinephrine kit, help them to use it.

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